Dibur and Emor differ as “speaking” and “informing.” Speaking is the expression of thought in words, without any consideration of its being accepted by the hearer, but informing is always “telling somebody.” One can speak to oneself, but not inform. Dibur is the concise expression of a thought, Emor is addressing the same to the mind and feeling of another person, the complete explanation and development of a thought into genuine understanding.

Hence in the speech of the Torah, Dibur is always the concise, pregnant expression of the Law, as given in the Written Torah, but Emor is the full explanation of it in the Oral Torah. The Torah is written with two types of fire. Black fire makes up the letters, but its teachings are confined to them. White fire is the space between the letters, which has no such limitation.

True understanding of Torah require more than words on a page, it requires conversation, interaction, creative expression of something more intimate than letters can convey.

God spoke the Law in Ten Statements – “Asseres HaDibros,” but He created the world in Ten Utterances “Assarah Ma’amaros.”

 

MatzaAs Sefer Vayikra begins, we are all keenly aware that Pesach is approaching and the smell of cleaning products is in the air.  We have just completed Sefer Shmot with a month of Torah readings describing the construction of the Mishkan and now we begin to read about all the different Korbanot offered therein.

One of the categories of Korbanot is the Mincha offerings. These offerings are all different flour offerings, and just like on Pesach, chametz (leavening) is forbidden  in them. In describing the prohibition for having chametz in the Mincha, the Torah says:

כָּל-הַמִּנְחָה, אֲשֶׁר תַּקְרִיבוּ לַיהוָה–לֹא תֵעָשֶׂה, חָמֵץ: כִּי כָל-שְׂאֹר וְכָל-דְּבַשׁ, לֹא-תַקְטִירוּ מִמֶּנּוּ אִשֶּׁה לַיהוָה.

Every Mincha offering that you bring before Hashem should not be chametz, because all leavening and all honey should not be burnt as a fire offering to Hashem

Yet, I have never seen honey on any of the “not Kosher for Pesach” lists. Why would the Torah use honey as an example of chametz, when we know from experience that it is allowed on Pesach?

Rabbi Samson Raphael Hirsch says that in order to understand this verse, we need to understand what the difference in practice was in the Temple between leavening and honey, as well as what they are meant to represent.

First, the practical difference: When bringing a Mincha offering, chametz was forbidden both in the portion brought on the Mizbeach (altar) as well as the shirayim (left-overs) which were eaten by the Kohanim and the people. With the honey, however, they were permitted to put honey on the matza they ate, they just couldn’t put honey on the sacrificial dough.

Second, what the leavening and honey represent: As we know from the story of Pesach, Matza represents subjugation to another authority. When we were slaves in Egypt we were only allowed to eat the Bread of Affliction. Our eating of Matza in the Korbanot and on Pesach shows our appreciation to Hashem for having removed our yoke of servitude to the Egyptians – replacing it with the ability (and obligation) to serve the Divine. We show that we recognize that if not for the hand of Hashem אָנוּ וּבָנֵינוּ וּבְנֵי בָנֵינוּ מְשֻׁעְבָּדִים הָיִינוּ לְפַרְעֹה בְּמִצְרַיִם (we would all still be slave to Pharaoh in Egypt).

The honey, on the other hand, represents national sovereignty over the Land of Israel (as in “a land flowing with milk and honey”). Honey is a luxury, only acquired when one has a continuous presence in a land undisturbed by ravaging intruders. By refraining from sacrificing the honey, we acknowledge that our right to the excesses of the land is granted by the same mandate that took us out of Egypt. Only by properly serving Hashem do we retain the right to stay in the land and by choosing to burn the honey on the altar we would be showing that the goodness  is due to the work of our own hands.

With these explanations in mind, we can now understand why leavening is entirely forbidden, while honey is only forbidden on the Mizbeach. Hashem has blessed us with the Land of Israel and expects and desires us to benefit from the goodness it provides. We are supposed to enjoy the honey and use it to enhance our food. At the same time, we are supposed to remind ourselves when bringing those sacrifices where all that good comes from.

On the other hand, the leavening is teaching us to be constantly aware that Hashem did not free us from the slavery of Egypt to do whatever we want. We are here for a reason and must always be aware of our obligation to Hashem.

Note: Honey is NOT chametz and is allowed on Pesach – with a Kosher for Pesach certification.

 

Contrary to common belief and practice, there are very few instances where Judaism actually cares about what clothing you wear. This weekend we will experience two out of the four such instances. These are: Rosh Hashana and Yom Kippur, when we wear white; Tu B’Av, when single girls borrow each others’ dresses; Purim, when we wear costumes; and finally the clothes the Kohanim wore in the Beit haMikdash, which we read about in this week’s Parsha.

What is the meaning behind these four situations where clothing is important?

Rav Shamshon Raphael Hirsch talks about the importance of the Bigdei Kehuna. He explains that when the Kohanim were doing the service in the Temple, they had to think of themselves as messengers of the congregation of Israel. They had to realize that they should have no ego involved in the service and were, on their own account, naked in front of Hashem.

This is in contrast to the High Holidays where we are being judged on account of our own actions. On those days we wear our own white clothing, working to cleanse ourselves of our personal actions.

On Tu B’Av, once again, people dress in clothing that doesn’t belong to them. The custom used to be that single girls would all wear borrowed dresses and go dance in the fields to find their future husbands. The borrowed clothing ensured that poorer people weren’t disadvantaged by their lower quality clothing. In this case, clothing is used as a means of expressing care and compassion towards others, ensuring that no one is disadvantaged by class differences.

Finally, we come to Purim. On Purim, we wear costumes, disguising our actual appearances. Why is this? One of the central lessons of Purim is that the reason the Jewish people were saved is because we banded together as a community and davened to Hashem to save us from Haman’s plots. While the story played out in such a way that Esther was the means to our salvation, Mordechai warned Esther that if she didn’t do what she could to save the Jews, HaShem would still save the Jewish people as a whole, but would not extend that salvation to Esther and her family (כִּי אִם-הַחֲרֵשׁ תַּחֲרִישִׁי, בָּעֵת הַזֹּאת–רֶוַח וְהַצָּלָה יַעֲמוֹד לַיְּהוּדִים מִמָּקוֹם אַחֵר, וְאַתְּ וּבֵית-אָבִיךְ תֹּאבֵדוּ Esther 4:14).

On Purim, therefore, we disguise ourselves to show that it’s not the individual but the community that is important. It doesn’t matter who you are, or what type of Yarmulke or what color pants you wear. What’s important is that we are all Jews and we are all celebrating Purim together.

Have a great Shabbat and a Happy Purim!

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